(a+b)^2=a^2+2ab+b^2

(a−b)^2=a^2−2ab+b^2

a^2−b^2=(a−b)(a+b)

a^3−b^3=(a−b)(a^2+ab+b^2)

a^3+b^3=(a+b)(a^2−ab+b^2)

(a+b)^3=a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3

(a−b)^3=a^3−3a^2b+3ab^2−b^3

^ - oznacza to "do kwadratu"